Mermaids is a collective name for the female spirits of water and the water element. East Slavic mermaids (bathing, vodynits, rags) are predominantly drowned women, malicious in nature. In the drama by A. S. Pushkin, based on which A. Dargomyzhsky wrote the opera, a girl turns into a mermaid who drowned herself with grief after her beloved betrayed her. Later, she takes revenge on him by luring him into the water.
The relationship of mermaids with people in myths, legends, legends develops according to one scheme: a mermaid takes revenge on a person for her death, she seeks to return the right that a person has-the right to an immortal soul. Therefore, the task of the mythological mermaid is to make a person fall in love with himself. After all, only in this way can she regain her immortal soul. The love of a person for a mermaid, as it were, compensates for the evil that a person once inflicted on her.
Western European mermaids are women with fish tails. The famous fairy tale by G. H. Andersen "The Little Mermaid" echoes this myth: the main character of the fairy tale wants to achieve the love of the prince and thereby gain not only happiness, but also an immortal soul.
In ancient Greek myths, sirens are described - women with fish tails and enchanting voices, who, with their singing, forced sailors passing by to follow them. Those led their ships directly to the coastal cliffs and perished. Therefore, the sirens began to be considered the harbinger of death for sailors. Mermaids of lakes and rivers in ancient Greek mythology are nymphs (with the appearance of people, without tails). In Germanic mythology, they were called undines.
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